Death
On 23 August 634, Abu Bakr fell sick and did not recover due
to his old age. There are two accounts about the sickness of Abu Bakr. One
account states that 8 August 634 was a cold day and when Abu Bakr took a bath,
he caught a chill. Another account indicates that, about a year before, along
with some other companions, Harith bin Kaladah and Attab bin Usaid, he had
eaten some poisoned food which did not affect him for a year.
Abu Bakr developed high fever and was confined to
bed. His illness was prolonged and when his condition worsened he felt that his
end was near. Realizing his death was near, he sent for Ali and
requested him to perform his ghusl since Ali had also done it for
Muhammad.
Abu Bakr felt that he should nominate his successor so that
the issue should not be a cause of dissension among the Muslims after his
death, though there was already controversy over Ali not having been appointed.
He appointed Umar as his successor after discussing with
some companions. Some of them favored the nomination and others disliked it,
due to the tough nature of Umar.
Abu Bakr thus dictated his last testament to Uthman Ibn
Affan as follows:
In the name of Most Merciful God. This is the last will and
testament of Abu Bakr bin Abu Quhafa, when he is in the last hour of the world,
and the first of the next; an hour in which the infidel must believe, the
wicked be convinced of their evil ways, I nominate Umar bin al Khattab as my
successor. Therefore, hear to him and obey him. If he acts right, confirm his
actions. My intentions are good, but I cannot see the future results. However,
those who do ill shall render themselves liable to severe account hereafter.
Fare you well. May you be ever attended by the Divine favor of blessing.
Abu Bakr next asked Aisha as to how many pieces of
cloth were used for Muhammad's shroud. Aisha said that three pieces had been
used. Abu Bakr thereupon desired the same number for his own shroud. On Monday
23 August 634, Abu Bakr died. The funeral prayer was led by Umar. He was buried
the same night by the side of Muhammad's grave in Aisha's house near Al-Masjid
al-Nabawi
Family tree of Abu Bakr
Father: Uthman ibn Amir Abu Quhafa
Mother: Umm al-Khair Salma bint Shakhr ibn Amir ibn
Ka'ab ibn Sa'ad ibn Taim
Brother: Mu'taq (presumably the middle)
Brother: Utaiq (presumably the youngest)
Brother: Quhafah ibn Uthman
Sister: Fadra
Sister: Qareeba
Sister: Umme-e-aamer
Himself: Atiq (presumably the eldest)
Wife: Qutaylah bint Abd-al-Uzza ibn 'Abd ibn
As'ad (divorced)
Daughter: Asma bint Abu Bakr
Grandson Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr – His birth
spread happiness amongst Muslims, killed by Hajjaj bin Yousef.
Grandson Abdullah ibn Abdu'l - Rahman ibn Abu Bakr
Grandson Abu-Atiq Muhammad ibn Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu
Bakr
Grandson Urwa ibn al-Zubayr
Granddaughter Hafsa bint Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr
Great grandson Hisham ibn Urwa
Great grandson Aba -Sulaiman
ibn Muhammad Abu Nauman ibn Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr
Great grandson Talha ibn Abdullah ibn Abdu'l-Rahman ibn
Abu Bakr
Son: Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr
Wife: Um Ruman bint Amir ibn Uwaymir ibn Zuhal ibn
Dahman (from Kinanah)
Step son: Tufail ibn Abdullah, The son
of Abd-Allah ibn Harith
Son: Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr
Daughter: 'Aa'ishah
Son in law: Muhammad, tree
Wife: Asma' bint Umays ibn Ma'ad ibn Taym
al-Khath'amiyyah (previously wife of Jafar ibn Abi Talib and
after Abu Bakr's death, became the wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib)
Son: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
Grandson Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr
Great granddaughter: Farwah bint al-Qasim
Great great grandson: Ja'far al-Sadiq
Wife: Habibah bint Kharijah ibn Zayd ibn Abi
Zuhayr (from the tribe of Banu al-Haris ibn al-Khazraj
Daughter: Umm Khultum bint Abu Bakr.
Today there are many families which are the descendants of
Abu Bakr. Most of them are known by the name Siddiqui And Al-Atiqi's
Or Al-Atiqi (Al-Ateeqi) ((In Arabic)). But they are also known by some other
names in different localities. For example, In
East Ethiopia, Siddiqis are usually called Qallu, which
means people of the religion, as they were the first to bring Islam to
this area. In Somalia ,
they are commonly known as Sheekhaal and they are well respected by
other Somali clans. In Bangladesh , they are known by the
name of Qureshi. There are also Al-Atiqi or Atiqi Families in Saudi Arabia , Kuwait , Syria , Yemen , Iraq and other places in the Arabia Peninsula
Legacy
Abu Bakr became the Caliph on 8 June 632 and he died on
23 August 634. Though the period of his caliphate covers only two years, two
months and fifteen days, it included successful invasions of the two most
powerful empires of the time: the Sassanid Empire and Byzantine Empire .
Abu Bakr had the distinction of being the first Caliph in
the history of Islam and also the first Caliph to nominate a successor. He was
the only Caliph in the history of Islam who refunded to the state treasury at
the time of his death the entire amount of the allowance that he had drawn
during the period of his caliphate.
He is revered for being the first Muslim ruler to establish:
· Bayt
al-mal
· The
Crown Pasture
He has the distinction of purchasing the land for Al-Masjid
al-Nabawi.
Abu Bakr had given up drinking wine even in the
time before Islam. He was the foremost genealogist of
the Quraysh and was well accomplished at
interpreting dreams according to Ibn Sirin.
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